YOU WERE LOOKING FOR: Ielts Test 1 Reading Answers
Vehicles with limited self-driving capabilities have been around for more than 50 years, resulting in significant contributions towards driver assistance systems. But since Google announced in that it had been trialling self-driving cars on the...
Automation may help to reduce the incidence of this. Another aim is to free the time people spend driving for other purposes. If the vehicle can do some or all of the driving, it may be possible to be productive, to socialise or simply to relax...
If this is the case, it might mean that we need to manufacture far fewer vehicles to meet demand. However, the number of trips being taken would probably increase, partly because empty vehicles would have to be moved from one customer to the next. As a consequence, each vehicle would be used more intensively, and might need replacing sooner. This faster rate of turnover may mean that vehicle production will not necessarily decrease. E Automation may prompt other changes in vehicle manufacture. If we move to a model where consumers are tending not to own a single vehicle but to purchase access to a range of vehicles through a mobility provider, drivers will have the freedom to select one that best suits their needs for a particular journey, rather than making a compromise across all their requirements.
Since, for most of the time, most of the seats in most cars are unoccupied, this may boost production of a smaller, more efficient range of vehicles that suit the needs of individuals. Specialised vehicles may then be available for exceptional journeys, such as going on a family camping trip or helping a son or daughter move to university.
F There are a number of hurdles to overcome in delivering automated vehicles to our roads. These include the technical difficulties in ensuring that the vehicle works reliably in the infinite range of traffic, weather and road situations it might encounter; the regulatory challenges in understanding how liability and enforcement might change when drivers are no longer essential for vehicle operation; and the societal changes that may be required for communities to trust and accept automated vehicles as being a valuable part of the mobility landscape. Mobility will change in such potentially significant ways and in association with so many other technological developments, such as telepresence and virtual reality, that it is hard to make concrete predictions about the future. However, one thing is certain: change is coming, and the need to be flexible in response to this will be vital for those involved in manufacturing the vehicles that will deliver future mobility.
Questions Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-G. Which section contains the following information? Write the correct letter, A-G, in boxes on your answer sheet. Write your answers in boxes on your answer sheet. The impact of driverless cars Figures from the Transport Research Laboratory indicate that most motor accidents are partly due to 19 ……………. In addition to the direct benefits of automation, it may bring other advantages. For example, schemes for 20 ………………… will be more workable, especially in towns and cities, resulting in fewer cars on the road. According to the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, there could be a 43 percent drop in 21 …………….. However, this would mean that the yearly 22 …………………. This would lead to a higher turnover of vehicles, and therefore no reduction in automotive manufacturing. Questions 23 and 24 Which TWO benefits of automated vehicles does the writer mention?
A Car travellers could enjoy considerable cost savings. B It would be easier to find parking spaces in urban areas. C Travellers could spend journeys doing something other than driving. D People who find driving physically difficult could travel independently. E A reduction in the number of cars would mean a reduction in pollution. Questions 25 and 26 Which TWO challenges to automated vehicle development does the writer mention? A making sure the general public has confidence in automated vehicles B managing the pace of transition from conventional to automated vehicles C deciding how to compensate professional drivers who become redundant D setting up the infrastructure to make roads suitable for automated vehicles E getting automated vehicles to adapt to various different driving conditions READING PASSAGE 3 You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions which are based on Reading Passage 3 below.
What is exploration? We are all explorers. Our desire to discover, and then share that new-found knowledge, is part of what makes us human — indeed, this has played an important part in our success as a species. Long before the first caveman slumped down beside the fire and grunted news that there were plenty of wildebeest over yonder, our ancestors had learnt the value of sending out scouts to investigate the unknown.
This questing nature of ours undoubtedly helped our species spread around the globe, just as it nowadays no doubt helps the last nomadic Penan maintain their existence in the depleted forests of Borneo, and a visitor negotiate the subways of New York. Thomas Hardy set some of his novels in Egdon Heath, a fictional area of uncultivated land, and used the landscape to suggest the desires and fears of his characters. He is delving into matters we all recognise because they are common to humanity. This is surely an act of exploration, and into a world as remote as the author chooses. Explorer and travel writer Peter Fleming talks of the moment when the explorer returns to the existence he has left behind with his loved ones. We have studied only 5 per cent of the species we know. We have scarcely mapped the ocean floors, and know even less about ourselves; we fully understand the workings of only 10 per cent of our brains.
Each definition is slightly different — and tends to reflect the field of endeavour of each pioneer. It was the same whoever I asked: the prominent historian would say exploration was a thing of the past, the cutting-edge scientist would say it was of the present. And so on. They each set their own particular criteria; the common factor in their approach being that they all had, unlike many of us who simply enjoy travel or discovering new things, both a very definite objective from the outset and also a desire to record their findings. Because the world has moved on. The time has long passed for the great continental voyages — another walk to the poles, another crossing of the Empty Quarter. We know how the land surface of our planet lies; exploration of it is now down to the details — the habits of microbes, say, or the grazing behaviour of buffalo. However, this is to disregard the role the human mind has in conveying remote places; and this is what interests me: how a fresh interpretation, even of a well-travelled route, can give its readers new insights.
Write the correct letter in boxes on your answer sheet. The writer refers to visitors to New York to illustrate the point that A exploration is an intrinsic element of being human. B most people are enthusiastic about exploring. C exploration can lead to surprising results. D most people find exploration daunting. A Their discoveries have brought both benefits and disadvantages.
B Their main value is in teaching others. C They act on an urge that is common to everyone. D They tend to be more attracted to certain professions than to others. The writer refers to a description of Egdon Heath to suggest that A Hardy was writing about his own experience of exploration. B Hardy was mistaken about the nature of exploration. B fewer people are interested in exploring than in the 19th century. C recent developments have made exploration less exciting. D we are wrong to think that exploration is no longer necessary. In the sixth paragraph, when discussing the definition of exploration, the writer argues that A people tend to relate exploration to their own professional interests. B certain people are likely to misunderstand the nature of exploration. C the generally accepted definition has changed over time. D historians and scientists have more valid definitions than the general public.
B the human ability to cast new light on places that may be familiar. C how travel writing has evolved to meet changing demands. D the feelings that writers develop about the places that they explore. Questions Look at the following statements Questions and the list of explorers below. Match each statement with the correct explorer, A-E. Write the correct letter, A-E, in boxes on your answer sheet. NB You may use any letter more than once. He referred to the relevance of the form of transport used. He described feelings on coming back home after a long journey. He worked for the benefit of specific groups of people. He did not consider learning about oneself an essential part of exploration. He defined exploration as being both unique and of value to others. List of Explorers.
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As we can easily locate the phrase in the first sentence of the passage, we should pay attention to the first paragraph. What we need to focus on now is what the fantasy of building a magical kingdom can help develop, referring to its benefits in the future. The answer should be mentioned in the next sentences, after describing what building a magical kingdom is like. Therefore, creativity is the answer. Answer: rules Explain board games involve … and turn-taking — Key words: board games, turn-taking — We have to find information referring to board games. The word needed here should be a noun referring to a place or a species. Therefore, we should focus on those sentences to find the reasons for that.
Answer: evidence Explain it is difficult to find … to support new policies — Key words: difficult, find, support, new policies — New policies are mentioned in paragraph 6, so we should pay attention here. Paragraph 7 talks about the long — term impact of play. Questions Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? So, developing good self-control through play means that children are likely to do well academically in school later on We are told that this can indicate the healthy social and emotional development of children. Autism is an example of a medical problem. So, playing with dolls benefits the writing of children in general, but we are not told if this benefits girls more than boys.
With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this…. In recent decades, attitudes to play have, therefore, changed. It is now considered to be something unimportant or even negative. In contrast, people in the past thought that it was more important. This means that people damaged and stole bikes from the scheme, thus both can be called actions of misusing the scheme. Therefore, the answer is E. Thus, paragraph C gives explanation of why a proposed bike-sharing scheme was turned down. Answer: F Explain a reference of a person being unable to profit from their work — Key words: reference, person, unable, profit, work — We can find information relating to profit in both paragraphs E and F. This suggests that the benefits of the scheme were much greater than the cost, hence it would save a lot of resources. Therefore, the answer is C. Hence, air pollution and consumerism are two problems that the scheme was intended to solve.
Answer: B It failed when a partner in the scheme with drew support. Explain Which TWO of the following statements are made in the text about the Amsterdam bike-sharing scheme of ? We can find this in paragraph D onwards. This, combined with the success of the Danish bike-sharing scheme, led to the introduction of the new Amsterdam scheme in Thus, D is one correct answer. Therefore, B is correct. Answer: D- A bike-sharing scheme would benefit residents who use public transport, E -The city has a reputation as a place that welcomes cyclists Explain Which TWO of the following statements are made in the text about the Amsterdam today? Thus, E is correct. Thus, D is correct. Questions Complete the summary below. We can find information about Provo in paragraph A.
Answer: consumerism Explain They were concerned about the damage to the environment and about … — Key words: concerned, about, damage, environment, and — Provo activists believed that the scheme would help to deal with air pollution and consumerism. This means that they are concerned about these two problems, and suggested a solution. Answer: leaflets Explain As well as painting some bikes white, they handed out … that condemned the use of cars. Answer: police Explain However, the scheme was not a great success: almost as quickly as Provo left the bikes around the city, the … took them away. Answer: E Explain Hotel managers need to know what would encourage good staff to remain. To increase employee retention means to encourage employees to remain. This is the statement of Enz and Siguaw , so the answer is E. So D is the correct answer.
Answer: B Litter is done in the hospitality industry to help workers improve their skills Keywords for this question : little, done, hospitality, help workers, improve skills This answer can be traced in Paragraph no. Answer: D Explain Staff are less likely to change jobs if cooperation is encouraged. Answer: C Explain Dissatisfaction with pay is not the only reason why hospitality workers change jobs. High employee turnover means that a high percentage of workers leave the company and are replaced by new employees.
Thus, it can be understood that dissatisfaction with low pay is, along with other reasons, why hospitality workers change jobs frequently. The answer is C. The correct answer is YES. In other words, employees have a tendency to dislike their workplace. The answer is, therefore, NO.
As we can easily locate the phrase in the first sentence of the passage, we should pay attention to the first paragraph. What we need to focus on now is what the fantasy of building a magical kingdom can help develop, referring to its benefits in the future. The answer should be mentioned in the next sentences, after describing what building a magical kingdom is like. Therefore, creativity is the answer. Answer: rules Explain board games involve … and turn-taking — Key words: board games, turn-taking — We have to find information referring to board games. The word needed here should be a noun referring to a place or a species. Therefore, we should focus on those sentences to find the reasons for that. Answer: evidence Explain it is difficult to find … to support new policies — Key words: difficult, find, support, new policies — New policies are mentioned in paragraph 6, so we should pay attention here.
Paragraph 7 talks about the long — term impact of play. Questions Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1? So, developing good self-control through play means that children are likely to do well academically in school later on We are told that this can indicate the healthy social and emotional development of children. Autism is an example of a medical problem. So, playing with dolls benefits the writing of children in general, but we are not told if this benefits girls more than boys. With the Lego building, however, not a single child said this…. In recent decades, attitudes to play have, therefore, changed. It is now considered to be something unimportant or even negative. In contrast, people in the past thought that it was more important. This means that people damaged and stole bikes from the scheme, thus both can be called actions of misusing the scheme. Therefore, the answer is E. Thus, paragraph C gives explanation of why a proposed bike-sharing scheme was turned down.
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