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Venice, Genoa, and Milan grew rich on commerce between and Florence, where the Renaissance originated, was an important banking center by the fourteenth century. Communes and Republics In northern Italy the larger cities won independence from local...
As cities strove to maintain the balance of power among themselves, they invented the apparatus of modern diplomacy. Intellectual Change Humanism The revival of antiquity took the form of interest in archaeology, recovery of ancient manuscripts, and...
Giovanni Boccaccio wrote about an acquisitive, sensual, worldly society. Renaissance popes expended much money on new buildings, a new cathedral St. Christian Humanism Christian humanists in northern Europe interpreted Italian ideas in the context of their own traditions. Christian humanists were interested in an ethical way of life. Utopia by Thomas More — described an ideal socialistic community. Erasmus — was the leading Christian humanist of his era. Printing with movable metal type developed in Germany in the middle of the fifteenth century. Increased urban literacy, the development of primary schools, and the opening of new universities expanded the market for printed materials. Art and the Artist Art and Power In the early Renaissance, corporate groups such as guilds sponsored religious art. By the late fifteenth century, individual princes, merchants, and bankers sponsored art to glorify themselves and their families.
Their urban palaces were full of expensive furnishings as well as art. Subjects and Style Classical themes, individual portraits, and realistic style characterized Renaissance art. Renaissance artists invented perspective and portrayed the human body in a more natural and scientific manner than previous artists did. Art produced in northern Europe in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries tended to be more religious in orientation than that produced in Italy.
Rome and Venice rose to artistic prominence in the sixteenth century. Renaissance artists were seen as intellectual workers. The princes and merchants who patronized artists paid them well. Artists themselves gloried in their achievements. During the Renaissance, the concept of artist as genius was born. Renaissance culture was only the culture of a very wealthy mercantile elite; it did not affect the lives of the urban middle classes or the poor.
Renaissance people did make distinctions based on skin color. Beginning in the fifteenth century, sizable numbers of black slaves entered Europe. African slaves served in a variety of positions. Fifteenth-century Europeans knew little about Africans and their cultures. Class The contemporary notion of class was developed in the nineteenth century.
The medieval system of social differentiation was based on theoretical function. During the Renaissance the inherited hierarchy of social orders was interwoven with a more fluid hierarchy based on wealth. Social status was also linked with considerations of honor. Cities had the most complex and dynamic social hierarchies. The Renaissance witnessed a debate about the character and nature of women. Beginning in the sixteenth century, the debate about women also became one about female rulers.
Maintenance of proper gender relationships served as a symbol for the maintenance of a well-functioning society. He also asserted his right to appoint bishops in the Pragmatic Sanction of Bourges. He brought much new territory under direct Crown rule. The Concordat of Bologna gave French kings effective control over church officials within the kingdom. Henry VII r. Under Henry, the center of royal authority was the royal council. The Tudors won the support of the influential upper middle class. Spain Although Spain remained a confederation of kingdoms until , the wedding of Isabella of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragon did lead to some centralization. Popular anti-Semitism increased in fourteenth-century Spain. In , Ferdinand and Isabella invited the Inquisition into Spain to search out and punish Jewish converts to Christianity who secretly continued Jewish religious practices.
Amsco Answer Key StudyMode. Accessed 10, Copy Citation Amsco Answer Confine your ANswer key All income also called revenue is recorded as a credit. All expenses and debt are recorded as debits. Liability accoun For this to be true, what rate of return did your friend have to earn? Answer Key Answer key Embryonic industries, Growth industries, Shakeout industry, Mature industry and Decline industry Not important Professor Mumford mumford purdue. Grammar Exam Answer Key Inclusive Language: Nonsexist A. I understand Dr. Maurice hired a new nurse.
In England, Elizabeth d. English seamen attacked Spanish forces in the Americas, and Elizabeth supported the Dutch. It ended in defeat for Spain. Learning Objectives and Key Concepts Explain the context in which the religious, political, and cultural developments of the 16th and 17th centuries took place. Religious pluralism challenged the concept of a unified Europe. The Protestant and Catholic reformations fundamentally changed theology, religious institutions, culture, and attitudes toward wealth and prosperity. Religious reform both increased state control of religious institutions and provided justifications for challenging state authority. Conflicts among religious groups overlapped with political and economic competition within and among states. European society and the experiences of everyday life were increasingly shaped by commercial and agricultural capitalism, notwithstanding the continued existence of medieval social and economic structures.
Population shifts and growing commerce caused the expansion of cities, which often placed stress on their traditional political and social structures. The family remained the primary social and economic institution of early modern Europe and took several forms, including the nuclear family. Popular culture, leisure activities, and rituals re ecting the continued popularity of folk ideas reinforced and sometimes challenged communal ties and norms. The struggle for sovereignty within and among states resulted in varying degrees of political centralization. The new concept of the sovereign state and secular systems of law played a central role in the creation of new political institutions. Explain how and why religious belief and practices changed from to Reformers Martin Luther and John Calvin criticized Catholic abuses and established new interpretations of Christian doctrine and practice.
Responses to Luther and Calvin included religious radicals, including the Anabaptists, and other groups, such as German peasants. Protestant reformers used the printing press to disseminate their ideas, which spurred religious reform and helped it to become widely established. Illustrative Examples: Martin Luther, vernacular Bibles Some Protestants, including Calvin and the Anabaptists, refused to recognize the subordination of the church to the secular state. Illustrative Examples: Huguenots, Puritans, nobles in Poland Explain how matters of religion influenced and were influenced by political factors from to Issues of religious reform exacerbated confiicts between the monarchy and the nobility, as in the French wars of religion.
Habsburg rulers confronted an expanded Ottoman Empire while attempting unsuccessfully to restore Catholic unity across Europe. States exploited religious conflicts to promote political and economic interests. A few states, such as France with the Edict of Nantes, allowed religious pluralism in order to maintain domestic peace. The Peace of Westphalia , which marked the e ective end of the medieval ideal of universal Christendom, accelerated the decline of the Holy Roman Empire by granting princes, bishops, and other local leaders control over religion. Explain the continuities and changes in the role of the Catholic Church from to The Catholic Reformation, exemplified by the Jesuit Order and the Council of Trent, revived the church but cemented division within Christianity. Illustrative Examples: Sta.
Teresa of Avila, Usulines, Roman Inquisition, Index of Prohibited Books Explain how economic and intellectual developments from to affected social norms and hierarchies. Established hierarchies of class, religion, and gender continued to define social status and perceptions in rural and urban settings. Rural and urban households worked as units, with men and women engaged in separate but complementary tasks. Social dislocation, coupled with the shifting authority of religious institutions during the Reformation, left city governments with the task of regulating public morals.
Leisure activities continued to be organized according to the religious calendar and the agricultural cycle, and remained communal in nature. Local and church authorities continued to enforce communal norms through rituals of public humiliation. Reflecting folk ideas and social and economic upheaval, accusations of witchcraft peaked between and Explain how matters of religion influenced and were influenced by political factors from to Issues of religious reform exacerbated conflicts between the monarchy and the nobility, as in the French wars of religion. The Peace of Westphalia , which marked the effective end of the medieval ideal of universal Christendom, accelerated the decline of the Holy Roman Empire by granting princes, bishops, and other local leaders control over religion.
Explain how the religious, political, and cultural developments of the 16th and 17th centuries affected European society from to Popular culture, leisure activities, and rituals reflecting the continued popularity of folk ideas reinforced and sometimes challenged communal ties and norms. The new concept of the sovereign state and secular systems of law played a central role in the creation Reading Assignments.
This complete collection of AP World History practice tests offers tons of links to free multiple-choice questions, free-response questions, and even a full-length practice test. Read on to learn how to use these resources and get links to hundreds of AP World History practice questions. Your test dates, and whether or not your tests will be online or on paper, will depend on your school. Important Note on the Recent AP World History Revision Since the AP World History exam has undergone extensive revisions in recent years, most notably for the school year it's now called World History: Modern and focuses exclusively on a much shorter period of time: CE to the present , there unfortunately are not many updated practice resources—official or unofficial—available for it.
Other than the scope of content tested on it, however, the format of the exam itself has remained relatively stable since So all you'll really need to do is avoid questions that ask about periods before the year CE. With this new, tighter focus for the AP World History course, we can only hope that the test will be a lot easier than it's been in past years! We've flagged everything you need to know about using practice resources in light of the revisions to the test. How to Use These AP World History Practice Resources On the most basic level, you'll use the following AP World History resources to get familiar with the format and feel of the test and to ensure you know the content necessary to succeed on the exam. There are two main categories of practice resources available for World History: Official College Board practice resources Unofficial practice resources Official resources are the most similar to the actual AP exam which makes sense because the College Board is what writes the test!
You'll primarily use these to ensure you're comfortable with the test format and question style. Unofficial resources, however, are much more plentiful. The multiple-choice questions we link to come from two main places: textbook websites and study websites. While these resources are high quality, they won't be exactly like the AP test. Some questions are easier, and some are a lot harder. Unofficial resources can be very helpful for studying, particularly for learning content, but official resources will ultimately give you the most accurate feel for what the AP World History test will actually be like.
After, we'll present some of the best unofficial resources out there. That said, you can use this official practice test from to hone your test-taking skills and get a feel for the format of the exam as a whole which hasn't changed in the past few years. To make this test's content align more closely with that of the current exam, you'll want to skip questions that have to do with any time periods prior to CE; however, this means it will no longer act as a full-length exam. In other words, you'll essentially be tearing apart this test for practice questions. So just keep this in mind! Other than this practice test, there are no full-length official AP World History tests available. But there are some resources you can use for practice questions, which we introduce below. Official AP World History Multiple-Choice and Short-Answer Questions There are four sources you can use for official World History multiple-choice questions and short-answer questions: AP Course and Exam Description : Contains 15 multiple-choice questions and one short answer, all updated for the newest version of the exam.
The format of this exam is the same as that for the new test; the only difference is in the scope of the AP World History content this exam covers thousands more years of history. Note that this is the same practice test as the exam linked above. This exam also covers thousands more years than what's currently tested. You can use these resources to get a feel for the multiple-choice and short-answer portions of the World History test, or you could throw together a practice test by combining questions from various sources this way you wouldn't have to do practice questions on time periods that are no longer tested. If you decide to go with the practice test option, wait until at least March so that you know enough material to avoid being totally frustrated by the amount of material you don't know.
Even if you don't do a makeshift practice test with new and old course descriptions as suggested above, I strongly advise that you do a timed essay using these questions by the beginning of April, at the latest. This will give you enough time to see whether you're really missing any essential skill areas you need to patch up before exam day.
Otherwise, there are plenty of World History free-response questions from and at the College Board website. Aside from the and FRQs, however, these are all in an older format. This means that the only questions that will really be useful to you are the old DBQs—the new Long Essay is too different from the old essay format for those questions to be helpful. If you use old DBQs, be sure to write your essay with the new rubric in mind , as requirements for a top score have changed. One major change, for example, is that you're no longer required to make document "groups. As you can see, though official resources are essential for getting a feel for the experience of taking the AP World History test, there aren't that many.
This is why you should supplement your World History prep with unofficial resources. Looking for help studying for your AP exam? Our one-on-one online AP tutoring services can help you prepare for your AP exams. Get matched with a top tutor who got a high score on the exam you're studying for! Unofficial Resources for the AP World History Exam The unofficial resources we found are from two broad categories: study websites and textbook websites. Many of the quizzes from study websites are organized by AP World History theme and time period and contain mixed geographic areas, so these would be good unit review resources throughout the year and will also be helpful as you ramp up your studying for the exam in the spring. Most of the quizzes from textbooks are organized by time period, so these can be used to check your mastery of certain historical eras broken down by geographical area as you learn about them in class.
For all multiple-choice questions, remember to practice the process of elimination eliminating answers you know are definitely wrong. Especially if you use the textbook websites, the questions could have a high level of specificity, and you'll have to break them down by eliminating wrong answers. This is a key skill to build for the actual AP exam since the test questions will be slightly different from your teacher's tests and your textbook's quizzes. You will need to be prepared to break them down using your existing knowledge base.
Note: Though many of the following websites have not yet updated their content for the AP World History: Modern exam, you can still get a lot of helpful practice through them. Just be sure to skip any questions or content reviews that deal with historical events that came before CE. Often the wrong way is much easier to spot than the right way. First, we'll introduce you to some of the best quizzes from study websites. Soft Schools These quizzes are super handy because they are categorized by theme and time period e. This is an especially great resource for preparing for the multiple-choice section, which will jump between geographic areas and time periods.
Don't forget to skip quizzes that focus solely on years before CE as these are no longer tested on the AP World History: Modern exam. Albert Albert offers a fully updated collection of AP World History: Modern quizzes organized by all the current exam themes. The site also rates questions as easy, moderate, and difficult to give you a sense of how deeply you understand the World History curriculum. You need a paid membership to access some of the questions, especially those that are a higher-level of difficulty. The quizzes are only about five multiple-choice questions each, and they aren't a perfect match for what actual AP World questions are like, but they cover a lot of content and are updated for the newest version of the exam. They can be a good option for someone earlier in the process of studying, when you're focused more on assessing your knowledge of general world history content. Global Studies Review Page This website has detailed multiple-choice quizzes organized by geographic area.
Since this is not designed with the AP World History test in mind, this should be used as a resource to build your overall knowledge of specific regions which will be necessary for doing well on the World History multiple-choice section. I especially recommend checking out this page if there's a specific geographic area or time period you're struggling with. This is a full-length unofficial AP World History practice test in the old format. While it's not much help for the free-response section, it's got a pretty great multiple-choice question resource.
The answer key even has explanations! AP World History Textbook Chapter Quizzes Before we get into the links to textbook quizzes, a quick word of advice: if your class's textbook is not on here, your book might have online quizzes behind a paywall, so definitely check that possibility out! But if your textbook is here and your teacher uses these textbook quizzes for class, use the other websites so you don't step on your teacher's toes.
You wouldn't want to be accused of cheating, even if the quizzes are readily available online. For these links, navigate to the chapter of the textbook with the content you want to study. For some of the websites this is pretty straightforward, but for others it's a little more complicated. For example, this is how to find the quizzes from Voyages in World History : This is where you'll land after clicking on the link.
In the drop-down menu, choose the chapter you want to focus on. In this particular menu, the chapters are just labeled by number and not title, so you need to click on them to see their content. For example, when I click on "Chapter 14," I see that the focus of the chapter is the Mongol Rulers of Eurasia and their successors in the years Click "Ace the Test" in the blue sidebar to get to the chapter quiz: Now, just click on "ACE Practice Tests" to launch the quiz: The quiz will open in a new window so you might need to disable your pop-up blocker if you have one. Answer away! The six textbooks listed below each contain between 25 and 30 chapters with highly detailed multiple-choice quizzes, so there is a ton of study material here.
Again, these quizzes will be your go-to study resource as you cover different subjects in your World History class and can also be used for more fine-tuned studying in the spring.
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